如何在中国城市使用地铁系统
核心观点
Download Alipay and link your foreign bank card before your trip. In China, open Alipay → tap the "Transport" button (not the payment QR!) to generate a metro QR code. Scan it at the turnstile, pass security screening, follow bilingual signs for your line, and exit by scanning again. Guangzhou Metro now supports foreign contactless card tap-to-ride. Always check the correct exit letter before leaving the station.
正文
中国主要城市的地铁系统位居世界前列 — 干净、准点、覆盖广，而且价格出乎意料地实惠（大多数乘车费用为 ¥2–¥10）。不过，对首次到访的国际游客来说，这种体验可能令人不知所措：中文标识、每个入口都要安检、不熟悉的支付系统，以及拥有众多出口的大型车站。本指南将具体讲解如何像本地人一样乘坐地铁，从回到酒店时规划路线，到在目的地从正确出口出站。
分步指南：乘坐地铁
第 1 步 — 离开 Wi-Fi 前先规划路线
中国的地铁网络非常庞大。上海有 20 条线路和 500 多个车站。不要试图在车站入口处才弄清楚路线 — 你会阻碍人流，也会让自己紧张。
最适合地铁导航的地图应用：
- Apple Maps（苹果地图）（iPhone 内置）— 在中国可正常使用，提供完整地铁路线、英文站名和实时交通指引。这是大多数 iPhone 用户的最佳选择。
- Metroman / MetroMan — 专用地铁应用，提供离线地图、路线规划和旅行时间估算
- Baidu Maps（百度地图）（中文界面）— 最准确，但如果没有中文阅读能力会较难使用
⚠️ Google Maps 在中国地铁导航中不能可靠工作。 路线可能过时，站名可能缺失，实时交通数据也不可用。不要依赖它。
查询路线后，记下线路颜色/编号、方向（终点站名称）、换乘站和目的地的出口编号。截图保存 — 地下车站里你可能没有移动数据。
第 2 步 — 找到车站入口
寻找红色或蓝色的地铁标识（一个风格化的 M，或中文“地铁”字样）。入口通常用字母（A、B、C、D）或数字标注。大型路口可能四个角都有入口 — 每个入口通向不同的地下站厅。如果走错入口，你可能需要出站、过马路，再重新进站。
第 3 步 — 通过安检
中国每个地铁站都有安检 — 行李要过 X 光机，人要走过金属探测门。这是强制性的，而且通常很快（一般 10–30 秒）。提前准备好行李，方便放到传送带上。瓶装水可能会被单独检查。
第 4 步 — 通过闸机
现在是最容易让首次乘客感到困惑的部分：闸机。
如果使用支付宝出行二维码：
- 打开支付宝 → 出行 → 选择你所在城市的二维码
- 将手机屏幕平放在闸机屏幕下方的扫描区上
- 闸门约 1 秒后打开。请快速通过 — 闸门关闭很快。
如果使用单程票：
- 找到自动售票机（TVM）。将语言切换为英文（按钮在角落）
- 选择线路，再选择目的车站
- 用现金（¥1/¥5/¥10/¥20 纸币，有时也支持硬币）或微信/支付宝支付
- 会出一个小塑料代币（硬币形状）或纸质车票
- 在闸机扫描区轻触代币
如果使用实体交通卡：
- 在扫描区轻触交通卡
如果使用非接触式银行卡（广州、北京试点）：
- 用手机（Apple Pay/Google Wallet）或实体银行卡在扫描区轻触
- 体验与伦敦地铁或纽约 OMNY 完全相同
第 5 步 — 前往你的站台
按照线路标识行走。中国地铁站使用一致的颜色编码系统：
- 1 号线通常为红色，2 号线为绿色，10 号线为紫色，等等。
- 所有主要城市的标识均为双语（中文 + 英文）
- 寻找显示线路终点站的方向标识 — 它会告诉你应该使用哪个站台
如果不确定，将地图应用中的颜色与编号和站内标识对照。
第 6 步 — 上车与乘车
- 在站台黄色安全线后站立
- 先让乘客下车，再上车
- 白天列车每 2–6 分钟一班，晚间每 5–10 分钟一班
- 车厢内，LED 显示屏和语音播报会用中文和英文提示下一站
- 一些较新的列车会显示哪一侧车门将打开 — 注意车门上方的闪烁箭头
第 7 步 — 线路之间换乘
换乘站可能非常大 — 例如上海人民广场站跨越多个楼层，某些线路之间需要步行约 10 分钟。按照带有线路编号的彩色换乘标识行走。不要离开付费区 — 在系统内换乘是免费的。
第 8 步 — 从正确出口出站
这是最容易出错的步骤。大型地铁站可能有 10 个以上出口（A 到 L），每个出口通向不同的街角、商场入口或地标。从错误出口出站，可能让你偏离目的地 500 米，还要穿过一条 6 车道的马路。
离开站台前： 查看地图应用推荐的出口字母/编号。出口闸机附近的站内地图会显示每个出口通往哪些街道和地标。
出站时：
- 再次扫描支付宝二维码（或轻触代币/交通卡）
- 票价会根据乘坐距离自动计算
- 闸门打开。通过即可。
如果出站时二维码无法使用（较少见）：点击扫描屏幕上的“帮助”按钮，或前往车站服务台。工作人员可以手动处理你的票价。
各城市速查
| 城市 | 线路 | 票价区间 | 支持非接触式拍卡？ | 特别提示 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 北京 | 27 条线路 | ¥3–¥10 | 试点中 | 可购买一日票（¥20）；地铁 + 公交组合卡 |
| 上海 | 20 条线路 | ¥3–¥15 | 试点中 | 可购买 72 小时票；磁悬浮列车连接浦东国际机场 |
| 广州 | 16 条线路 | ¥2–¥14 | ✅ 是（2025 年 10 月） | 首个支持境外非接触式银行卡的城市 |
| 深圳 | 16 条线路 | ¥2–¥14 | 尚未支持 | 中国最干净的地铁系统；小程序二维码体验良好 |
| 成都 | 14 条线路 | ¥2–¥10 | 尚未支持 | 较新系统；英文标识良好 |
| 杭州 | 12 条线路 | ¥2–¥9 | 尚未支持 | 支付宝总部所在地 — 二维码支付非常顺畅 |
| 西安 | 9 条线路 | ¥2–¥8 | 尚未支持 | 2 号线连接兵马俑公交 |
| 重庆 | 11 条线路 | ¥2–¥7 | 尚未支持 | 单轨线路可欣赏绝佳城市景观 |
适合谁
First-time international visitors to mainland China who plan to use public transit, travelers wanting to avoid taxi confusion, and anyone concerned about language barriers or payment methods in metro stations.
怎么做
Step 1 — Plan Your Route Before Leaving Wi-Fi: Use Apple Maps or Metroman to look up your route. Note the line color, direction (end station), transfer station, and destination exit number. Screenshot everything — Google Maps does not work reliably for metro navigation in China.
Step 2 — Find the Station Entrance: Look for the red or blue metro logo (地铁). Entrances are labeled with letters (A, B, C, D). Large intersections have entrances on all four corners — choose the right one to avoid crossing a 10-lane road.
Step 3 — Pass Security Screening: Every station has X-ray bag screening and metal detectors. Keep your bag ready. Takes 10–30 seconds. Water bottles may be checked separately.
Step 4 — Get Through the Gate: For Alipay users, open Transport QR (green train icon, not the blue payment QR), hold phone flat on scanner pad. For single-journey tickets, buy a plastic token from the vending machine (English available), pay with cash or mobile, tap on scanner. Guangzhou and Beijing pilots now support foreign contactless card tap-to-ride via Apple Pay/Google Wallet.
Step 5 — Navigate to Your Platform: Follow color-coded bilingual signs. Each line has a unique color (Line 1 red, Line 2 green, etc.). Match the end station name on direction signs to confirm correct platform.
Step 6 — Board and Ride: Stand behind the yellow line, let passengers exit first. Trains every 2–6 minutes. Onboard LED displays and audio announcements in Chinese and English indicate next station.
Step 7 — Transfer Between Lines: Follow color-coded transfer signs with line numbers. Keep 5–10 minutes for large transfer stations like Shanghai People's Square. Transfers are free — don't exit the paid area.
Step 8 — Exit at the Right Gate: Check station exit maps for your destination's recommended exit letter/number. Scan QR/token at exit gate (fare auto-calculated). Wrong exit = blocks of extra walking. If QR fails, visit service counter for manual processing.
常见坑
Showing the Alipay payment QR (blue, for shops) instead of the Transport QR (green, train icon) at the turnstile — the #1 issue travelers report on Reddit
Relying on Google Maps for metro navigation — routes and station data are often outdated or missing in China. Use Apple Maps or Metroman instead
Not checking the exit letter/number before tapping out — Exits A and F at the same station can be on opposite sides of a large avenue, and re-entering costs another fare
Trying to set up Alipay mobile payment at the station entrance with spotty reception — do this at your hotel with stable Wi-Fi before heading out
Not saving your destination station name in Chinese characters — when buying a ticket from a machine, finding your stop among 300+ Chinese-named stations is nearly impossible without it
Attempting to use a ¥100 note at ticket machines — most machines only accept ¥1, ¥5, ¥10, or ¥20 notes. Break large bills at your hotel first
Standing on the left side of the escalator — in Chinese metros, stand on the RIGHT, walk on the LEFT. This is strictly observed in Beijing and Shanghai
可能变化的部分
Fare prices and payment methods vary by city. Contactless foreign card tap-to-ride is confirmed in Guangzhou (October 2025) and piloting in Beijing/Shanghai but not yet universal. Metro operating hours vary slightly by city and line (generally 5:30 AM – 11:00 PM). Elevator accessibility at older stations may be limited. City-specific transit cards (e.g., Beijing Yikatong) typically do not work across different cities. App interfaces and QR code activation steps may change with Alipay/WeChat updates. Verify specific details for your destination city before departure.
备选方案
If Alipay Transport QR fails: (1) buy a single-journey ticket from a machine with cash or a friend's phone, (2) use a contactless foreign bank card at tap-to-ride gates where supported, (3) visit the service counter for a staff-sold ticket — show your destination in Chinese, (4) switch to DiDi ride-hailing, (5) hail a metered taxi with your destination written in Chinese.
常见问题
Can I use the same Alipay transport QR in different cities?
No. You need to switch cities in Alipay (tap the city name at the top of the Transport screen). Each city has its own metro QR system. The app will prompt you to enable the new city's transit code.
Does the metro run 24/7?
No. Most lines operate approximately 5:30 AM – 11:00 PM. Last trains leave terminal stations around 10:30–11:00 PM. After midnight, use DiDi ride-hailing or taxis.
Are metro stations accessible for wheelchairs and strollers?
Yes, all newer lines (built after ~2008) have elevators. Older lines in Beijing and Shanghai are being retrofitted. Look for the wheelchair symbol on station maps.
Can I bring luggage on the metro?
Yes, but avoid rush hour (7:30–9:00 AM, 5:30–7:00 PM). Large suitcases go through the oversized luggage scanner at security. For big bags, consider DiDi or airport express buses.
Is there Wi-Fi on metro trains?
Some newer trains in Shanghai and Shenzhen offer free Wi-Fi (may require Chinese phone number). Most tunnels have 4G/5G signal, so mobile data works with an eSIM or local SIM.
What if my QR code fails at the exit gate?
Go to the service counter near the exit gates. Staff can manually check your entry record and process the fare. Have your passport ready — they may ask to see ID.